Landscaping Microclimates
Wherever you live, and regardless of weather conditions in your area, your gardens will have their own special climate or microclimate which is brought about by several different local factors all working together. Some of these factors are the direction your property faces, how it’s protected from the wind, amount of slope, and how much sun or shade it gets. Considering microclimates into your landscape design could prove to be one of the most important elements to how successful your landscape or garden is.
Any structures, obstacles, or barriers that you place on your lot can have some effect on its microclimate. All your landscaping ideas could easily be effected by just one placement. A house, for example, can cause a windbreak that changes the airflow around it. There will be a warmer area and a colder area created on either side of the building with shade at certain times of the day. A wall or fence has effects on a garden or landscape just the same as natural elements like trees, bushes, and other vegetation.
The composition of the soil surface can have effect on local temerature changes. Some surfaces get so hot that you cannot walk on them in warmer summer months and the heat is also felt in the air above. In comparison, a concrete surface keeps cooler. All landscaping projects will be effected differently by different elements. Grass areas are always cool with the soil temperature under it being influenced by the length of the grass. Temperature changes like this can help you grow warmth loving plants like semi tropical and some tropical varieties. A surface that gets hot during the day will release the heat energy through the night. This effect can help protect some susceptible areas from frost damage.
To cut down on exposure to strong wind in any garden, a barrier of some sort is usually needed. It’s been noticed that solid wind barriers such as solid wood fencing makes areas of turbulence on both sides of the barrier. This is common knowledge to most landscape design contractors. The best sort of barriers for are those that are semi-permeable – only half solid. Barriers like that will work like a filter rather than a solid block. You can use lightly-foliaged trees, an open boarded fence or a brick fence with spaces between the bricks to provide an effective wind barrier.
A body of water such as a pond or pool can have different effects on microclimates. It stabilises air temperature more or less depending on the size of the pond. A pond reflects light, so plants around a pond will tend to get more light as well as water than those planted in other areas. And while a pond will cool its surroundings on a hot summer’s day, it can be extremely cold in Winter which needs to be considered when deciding where to place a pond.
People and plants will both do better when you give your microclimates some real thought and planning.
Julie Orr of Express Garden Interview 1 at Kepler’s Books
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